目录
第一部分 概述
Liquibase是一个开源的数据库版本控制工具，旨在简化和自动化数据库变更的管理和部署。它允许开发人员和数据库管理员以声明式的方式定义数据库架构和数据变更，然后自动将这些变更应用到各种数据库中。Liquibase支持多种数据库类型，提供了良好的可移植性和可扩展性。
使用场景
- 持续集成和持续部署（CI/CD）：在
CI/CD管道中，Liquibase可以自动应用数据库变更脚本，确保数据库在各个环境中的一致性。 - 数据库版本控制：通过将数据库变更脚本与应用程序代码一起管理，可以实现数据库版本的追踪和回滚。
- 团队协作：多人团队可以通过
Liquibase共享和协作管理数据库变更，避免冲突和重复工作。 - 自动化数据库迁移：自动化数据库结构和数据迁移，减少手动操作的错误和工作量。
第二部分 支持的数据类型及其对应关系
Liquibase在不同数据库系统中支持多种数据类型。以下是一些常见的数据类型及其在不同数据库中的对应关系。
2.1 布尔类型
2.1.1 boolean
- MySQLDatabase:
BIT(1) - SQLiteDatabase:
BOOLEAN - H2Database:
BOOLEAN - PostgresDatabase:
BOOLEAN - UnsupportedDatabase:
BOOLEAN - DB2Database:
SMALLINT - MSSQLDatabase:
[bit] - OracleDatabase:
NUMBER(1) - HsqlDatabase:
BOOLEAN - FirebirdDatabase:
SMALLINT - DerbyDatabase:
SMALLINT - InformixDatabase:
BOOLEAN - SybaseDatabase:
BIT - SybaseASADatabase:
BIT
2.2 整数类型
2.2.1 tinyint
- MySQLDatabase:
TINYINT - SQLiteDatabase:
TINYINT - H2Database:
TINYINT - PostgresDatabase:
SMALLINT - UnsupportedDatabase:
TINYINT - DB2Database:
SMALLINT - MSSQLDatabase:
[tinyint] - OracleDatabase:
NUMBER(3) - HsqlDatabase:
TINYINT - FirebirdDatabase:
SMALLINT - DerbyDatabase:
SMALLINT - InformixDatabase:
TINYINT - SybaseDatabase:
TINYINT - SybaseASADatabase:
TINYINT
2.2.2 int
- MySQLDatabase:
INT - SQLiteDatabase:
INTEGER - H2Database:
INT - PostgresDatabase:
INT - UnsupportedDatabase:
INT - DB2Database:
INTEGER - MSSQLDatabase:
[int] - OracleDatabase:
INTEGER - HsqlDatabase:
INT - FirebirdDatabase:
INT - DerbyDatabase:
INTEGER - InformixDatabase:
INT - SybaseDatabase:
INT - SybaseASADatabase:
INT
2.2.3 mediumint
- MySQLDatabase:
MEDIUMINT - SQLiteDatabase:
MEDIUMINT - H2Database:
MEDIUMINT - PostgresDatabase:
MEDIUMINT - UnsupportedDatabase:
MEDIUMINT - DB2Database:
MEDIUMINT - MSSQLDatabase:
[int] - OracleDatabase:
MEDIUMINT - HsqlDatabase:
MEDIUMINT - FirebirdDatabase:
MEDIUMINT - DerbyDatabase:
MEDIUMINT - InformixDatabase:
MEDIUMINT - SybaseDatabase:
MEDIUMINT - SybaseASADatabase:
MEDIUMINT
2.2.4 bigint
- MySQLDatabase:
BIGINT - SQLiteDatabase:
BIGINT - H2Database:
BIGINT - PostgresDatabase:
BIGINT - UnsupportedDatabase:
BIGINT - DB2Database:
BIGINT - MSSQLDatabase:
[bigint] - OracleDatabase:
NUMBER(38, 0) - HsqlDatabase:
BIGINT - FirebirdDatabase:
BIGINT - DerbyDatabase:
BIGINT - InformixDatabase:
INT8 - SybaseDatabase:
BIGINT - SybaseASADatabase:
BIGINT
2.2.5 number
- MySQLDatabase:
numeric - SQLiteDatabase:
NUMBER - H2Database:
NUMBER - PostgresDatabase:
numeric - UnsupportedDatabase:
NUMBER - DB2Database:
numeric - MSSQLDatabase:
[numeric](18, 0) - OracleDatabase:
NUMBER - HsqlDatabase:
numeric - FirebirdDatabase:
numeric - DerbyDatabase:
numeric - InformixDatabase:
numeric - SybaseDatabase:
numeric - SybaseASADatabase:
numeric
2.3 小数类型
2.3.1 float
- MySQLDatabase:
FLOAT - SQLiteDatabase:
FLOAT - H2Database:
FLOAT - PostgresDatabase:
FLOAT - UnsupportedDatabase:
FLOAT - DB2Database:
FLOAT - MSSQLDatabase:
[float](53) - OracleDatabase:
FLOAT - HsqlDatabase:
FLOAT - FirebirdDatabase:
FLOAT - DerbyDatabase:
FLOAT - InformixDatabase:
FLOAT - SybaseDatabase:
FLOAT - SybaseASADatabase:
FLOAT
2.3.2 double
- MySQLDatabase:
DOUBLE - SQLiteDatabase:
DOUBLE - H2Database:
DOUBLE - PostgresDatabase:
DOUBLE PRECISION - UnsupportedDatabase:
DOUBLE - DB2Database:
DOUBLE - MSSQLDatabase:
[float](53) - OracleDatabase:
FLOAT(24) - HsqlDatabase:
DOUBLE - FirebirdDatabase:
DOUBLE PRECISION - DerbyDatabase:
DOUBLE - InformixDatabase:
DOUBLE PRECISION - SybaseDatabase:
DOUBLE - SybaseASADatabase:
DOUBLE
2.3.3 decimal
- MySQLDatabase:
DECIMAL - SQLiteDatabase:
DECIMAL - H2Database:
DECIMAL - PostgresDatabase:
DECIMAL - UnsupportedDatabase:
DECIMAL - DB2Database:
DECIMAL - MSSQLDatabase:
[decimal](18, 0) - OracleDatabase:
DECIMAL - HsqlDatabase:
DECIMAL - FirebirdDatabase:
DECIMAL - DerbyDatabase:
DECIMAL - InformixDatabase:
DECIMAL - SybaseDatabase:
DECIMAL - SybaseASADatabase:
DECIMAL
2.3.4 currency
- MySQLDatabase:
DECIMAL - SQLiteDatabase:
REAL - H2Database:
DECIMAL - PostgresDatabase:
DECIMAL - UnsupportedDatabase:
DECIMAL - DB2Database:
DECIMAL(19, 4) - MSSQLDatabase:
[money] - OracleDatabase:
NUMBER(15, 2) - HsqlDatabase:
DECIMAL - FirebirdDatabase:
DECIMAL(18, 4) - DerbyDatabase:
DECIMAL - InformixDatabase:
MONEY - SybaseDatabase:
MONEY - SybaseASADatabase:
MONEY
2.4 字符串类型
2.4.1 char
- MySQLDatabase:
CHAR - SQLiteDatabase:
CHAR - H2Database:
CHAR - PostgresDatabase:
CHAR - UnsupportedDatabase:
CHAR - DB2Database:
CHAR - MSSQLDatabase:
[char](1) - OracleDatabase:
CHAR - HsqlDatabase:
CHAR - FirebirdDatabase:
CHAR - DerbyDatabase:
CHAR - InformixDatabase:
CHAR - SybaseDatabase:
CHAR - SybaseASADatabase:
CHAR
2.4.2 varchar
- MySQLDatabase:
VARCHAR - SQLiteDatabase:
VARCHAR - H2Database:
VARCHAR - PostgresDatabase:
VARCHAR - UnsupportedDatabase:
VARCHAR - DB2Database:
VARCHAR - MSSQLDatabase:
[varchar](1) - OracleDatabase:
VARCHAR2 - HsqlDatabase:
VARCHAR - FirebirdDatabase:
VARCHAR - DerbyDatabase:
VARCHAR - InformixDatabase:
VARCHAR - SybaseDatabase:
VARCHAR - SybaseASADatabase:
VARCHAR
2.4.3 nchar
- MySQLDatabase:
NCHAR - SQLiteDatabase:
NCHAR - H2Database:
NCHAR - PostgresDatabase:
NCHAR - UnsupportedDatabase:
NCHAR - DB2Database:
NCHAR - MSSQLDatabase:
[nchar](1) - OracleDatabase:
NCHAR - HsqlDatabase:
CHAR - FirebirdDatabase:
NCHAR - DerbyDatabase:
NCHAR - InformixDatabase:
NCHAR - SybaseDatabase:
NCHAR - SybaseASADatabase:
NCHAR
2.4.4 nvarchar
- MySQLDatabase:
NVARCHAR - SQLiteDatabase:
NVARCHAR - H2Database:
NVARCHAR - PostgresDatabase:
VARCHAR - UnsupportedDatabase:
NVARCHAR - DB2Database:
NVARCHAR - MSSQLDatabase:
[nvarchar](1) - OracleDatabase:
NVARCHAR2 - HsqlDatabase:
VARCHAR - FirebirdDatabase:
NVARCHAR - DerbyDatabase:
VARCHAR - InformixDatabase:
NVARCHAR - SybaseDatabase:
NVARCHAR - SybaseASADatabase:
NVARCHAR
2.5 日期和时间类型
2.5.1 datetime
- MySQLDatabase:
datetime - SQLiteDatabase:
TEXT - H2Database:
TIMESTAMP - PostgresDatabase:
TIMESTAMP WITHOUT TIME ZONE - UnsupportedDatabase:
datetime - DB2Database:
TIMESTAMP - MSSQLDatabase:
[datetime] - OracleDatabase:
TIMESTAMP - HsqlDatabase:
TIMESTAMP - FirebirdDatabase:
TIMESTAMP - DerbyDatabase:
TIMESTAMP - InformixDatabase:
DATETIME YEAR TO FRACTION(5) - SybaseDatabase:
datetime - SybaseASADatabase:
datetime
2.5.2 time
- MySQLDatabase:
time - SQLiteDatabase:
time - H2Database:
time - PostgresDatabase:
TIME WITHOUT TIME ZONE - UnsupportedDatabase:
time - DB2Database:
time - MSSQLDatabase:
[time](7) - OracleDatabase:
DATE - HsqlDatabase:
time - FirebirdDatabase:
time - DerbyDatabase:
time - InformixDatabase:
INTERVAL HOUR TO FRACTION(5) - SybaseDatabase:
time - SybaseASADatabase:
time
2.5.3 timestamp
- MySQLDatabase:
timestamp - SQLiteDatabase:
TEXT - H2Database:
TIMESTAMP - PostgresDatabase:
TIMESTAMP WITHOUT TIME ZONE - UnsupportedDatabase:
timestamp - DB2Database:
timestamp - MSSQLDatabase:
[datetime] - OracleDatabase:
TIMESTAMP - HsqlDatabase:
TIMESTAMP - FirebirdDatabase:
TIMESTAMP - DerbyDatabase:
TIMESTAMP - InformixDatabase:
DATETIME YEAR TO FRACTION(5) - SybaseDatabase:
datetime - SybaseASADatabase:
timestamp
2.5.4 date
- MySQLDatabase:
date - SQLiteDatabase:
date - H2Database:
date - PostgresDatabase:
date - UnsupportedDatabase:
date - DB2Database:
date - MSSQLDatabase:
[date] - OracleDatabase:
date - HsqlDatabase:
date - FirebirdDatabase:
date - DerbyDatabase:
date - InformixDatabase:
date - SybaseDatabase:
date - SybaseASADatabase:
date
2.6 其他数据类型
2.6.1 blob
- MySQLDatabase:
LONGBLOB - SQLiteDatabase:
BLOB - H2Database:
BLOB - PostgresDatabase:
BYTEA - UnsupportedDatabase:
BLOB - DB2Database:
BLOB - MSSQLDatabase:
[varbinary](MAX) - OracleDatabase:
BLOB - HsqlDatabase:
BLOB - FirebirdDatabase:
BLOB - DerbyDatabase:
BLOB - InformixDatabase:
BLOB - SybaseDatabase:
IMAGE - SybaseASADatabase:
LONG BINARY
2.6.2 clob
- MySQLDatabase:
LONGTEXT - SQLiteDatabase:
TEXT - H2Database:
CLOB - PostgresDatabase:
TEXT - UnsupportedDatabase:
CLOB - DB2Database:
CLOB - MSSQLDatabase:
[varchar](MAX) - OracleDatabase:
CLOB - HsqlDatabase:
CLOB - FirebirdDatabase:
BLOB SUB_TYPE TEXT - DerbyDatabase:
CLOB - InformixDatabase:
CLOB - SybaseDatabase:
TEXT - SybaseASADatabase:
LONG VARCHAR
2.6.3 function
- MySQLDatabase:
FUNCTION - SQLiteDatabase:
FUNCTION - H2Database:
FUNCTION - PostgresDatabase:
FUNCTION - UnsupportedDatabase:
FUNCTION - DB2Database:
FUNCTION - MSSQLDatabase:
[function] - OracleDatabase:
FUNCTION - HsqlDatabase:
FUNCTION - FirebirdDatabase:
FUNCTION - DerbyDatabase:
FUNCTION - InformixDatabase:
FUNCTION - SybaseDatabase:
FUNCTION - SybaseASADatabase:
FUNCTION
2.6.4 UNKNOWN
- MySQLDatabase:
UNKNOWN - SQLiteDatabase:
UNKNOWN - H2Database:
UNKNOWN - PostgresDatabase:
UNKNOWN - UnsupportedDatabase:
UNKNOWN - DB2Database:
UNKNOWN - MSSQLDatabase:
[UNKNOWN] - OracleDatabase:
UNKNOWN - HsqlDatabase:
UNKNOWN - FirebirdDatabase:
UNKNOWN - DerbyDatabase:
UNKNOWN - InformixDatabase:
UNKNOWN - SybaseDatabase:
UNKNOWN - SybaseASADatabase:
UNKNOWN
2.6.5 uuid
- MySQLDatabase:
char(36) - SQLiteDatabase:
TEXT - H2Database:
UUID - PostgresDatabase:
UUID - UnsupportedDatabase:
char(36) - DB2Database:
char(36) - MSSQLDatabase:
[uniqueidentifier] - OracleDatabase:
RAW(16) - HsqlDatabase:
char(36) - FirebirdDatabase:
char(36) - DerbyDatabase:
char(36) - InformixDatabase:
char(36) - SybaseDatabase:
UNIQUEIDENTIFIER - SybaseASADatabase:
UNIQUEIDENTIFIER
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本文作者:蒋固金
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